https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encoding

Common character encodings

• ISO 646
  • ASCII
• EBCDIC
• ISO 8859:
  • ISO 8859-1 Western Europe
  • ISO 8859-2 Western and Central Europe
  • ISO 8859-3 Western Europe and South European (Turkish, Maltese plus Esperanto)
  • ISO 8859-4 Western Europe and Baltic countries (Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia and Lapp)
  • ISO 8859-5 Cyrillic alphabet
  • ISO 8859-6 Arabic
  • ISO 8859-7 Greek
  • ISO 8859-8 Hebrew
  • ISO 8859-9 Western Europe with amended Turkish character set
  • ISO 8859-10 Western Europe with rationalised character set for Nordic languages, including complete Icelandic set
  • ISO 8859-11 Thai
  • ISO 8859-13 Baltic languages plus Polish
  • ISO 8859-14 Celtic languages (Irish Gaelic, Scottish, Welsh)
  • ISO 8859-15 Added the Euro sign and other rationalisations to ISO 8859-1
  • ISO 8859-16 Central, Eastern and Southern European languages (Albanian, Bosnian, Croatian, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian and Slovenian, but also French, German, Italian and Irish Gaelic)
• CP437, CP720, CP737, CP850, CP852, CP855, CP857, CP858, CP860, CP861, CP862, CP863, CP865, CP866, CP869, CP872
• MS-Windows character sets:
  • Windows-1250 for Central European languages that use Latin script, (Polish, Czech, Slovak, Hungarian, Slovene, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Romanian and Albanian)
  • Windows-1251 for Cyrillic alphabets
  • Windows-1252 for Western languages
  • Windows-1253 for Greek
  • Windows-1254 for Turkish
  • Windows-1255 for Hebrew
  • Windows-1256 for Arabic
  • Windows-1257 for Baltic languages
  • Windows-1258 for Vietnamese
• Mac OS Roman
• KOI8-R, KOI8-U, KOI7
• MIK
• ISCII
• TSCII
• VISCII
• JIS X 0208 is a widely deployed standard for Japanese character encoding that has several encoding forms.
  • Shift JIS (Microsoft Code page 932 is a dialect of Shift_JIS)
  • EUC-JP
  • ISO-2022-JP
• JIS X 0213 is an extended version of JIS X 0208.
  • Shift_JIS-2004
  • EUC-JIS-2004
  • ISO-2022-JP-2004
• Chinese Guobiao
  • GB 2312
  • GBK (Microsoft Code page 936)
  • GB 18030
• Taiwan
  • Big5 (a more famous variant is Microsoft Code page 950)
  • HKSCS Hong Kong
• Korean
  • KS X 1001 is a Korean double-byte character encoding standard
  • EUC-KR
  • ISO-2022-KR
• Unicode (and subsets thereof, such as the 16-bit ‘Basic Multilingual Plane’)
  • UTF-8
  • UTF-16
  • UTF-32
• ANSEL or ISO/IEC 6937